Упражнения на перевод условные предложения. Условные предложения в английском языке. Упражнения. Предложения с «i wish»

Хотя , пока будем формально считать, что время глагола, которое называется Future Simple Tense, является основным для выражения будущего времени в английском языке. Кстати, в сложных предложениях времени и условия в английском языке, о которых пойдет речь в этом уроке, используется именно Future Simple Tense.

1. Что такое придаточные предложения времени и условия?

Могут относиться к настоящему и будущему времени (реальные условия), а также бы нереальными. В этом уроке речь пойдет о сложных предложениях, которые относятся к будущему времени , типа

Если погода будет хорошая, я пойду гулять.

Такие предложения в английском языке называются условными предложениями ПЕРВОГО ТИПА (First Conditionals). Другое название — When and If Sentences / First Conditional and Time Clauses.

Обратите внимание, что в примере на русском языке в обеих частях : в первой части (придаточной) и во второй части (главной), употребляется будущее время.

Однако в английском языке работает ПРАВИЛО: после IF/ WHEN — нет будущего.

Оно означает, что в придаточном предложении вместо Future Simple, нужно употреблять Present Simple.

ПРИМЕЧАНИЕ. Вместо союза ЕСЛИ может стоять любой другой союз времени или условия.

Теперь настало время познакомиться с союзами времени и условия.

2. Союзы времени и условия в английском языке

Если вы начинающий, то запомните два главных союза if (если) и when (когда).

• I will stay if she comes. — Я останусь, если она придет.
• I will leave when he comes. — Я уйду, когда он придет.

А. Условные союзы в английском языке:

1. if — если
2. unless — если не
3. on condition that — при условии что

1. I will stay if she comes. — Я останусь, если она придет.
2. I will stay providing she comes. — Я останусь при условии, если только она придет.
3. I won’t stay unless she comes. — Я не останусь, если она не придет.

Обратите внимание, что в английских условных предложениях запятая отсутствует.

В. Союзы времени в английском языке

1. when — когда
2. as soon as — как только
3. till (until) — до тех пор пока (не)
4. before — раньше, до того как
5. after — после

1. I will leave when he comes. — Я уйду, когда он придет.
2. I will leave as soon as he comes. — Я уйду, как только он придет.
3. I won’t leave till he comes. — Я не уйду, пока он не придет.
4. I had left before he came. — Я ушел до того, как он пришел.
5. I left after he had come. — Я ушел после того, как он пришел.

Итак, подведем итоги этой темы и сформулируем еще раз основное ПРАВИЛО.

В придаточных предложениях, относящихся к будущему, после союзов when и if и других вместо будущего времени (Future Simple), надо употреблять наcтоящее (Present Simple). Такие предложения в английском языке называются First Conditional and Time Clauses.

Для самопроверки выберите правильный вариант.

Я надеюсь, что вы внимательно прочитали правило, примеры и перевод. Если же ваше мнение отличается от мнения БОЛЬШИНСТВА, то вернитесь к началу урока. А мы переходим к упражнениям.

3. Придаточные предложения времени и условия в английском языке. Упражнения на First Conditionals

ВНИМАНИЕ! Данные предложения не являются условными. В них правило не работает!
I’d like to know when Dan will be back . – Я хотела бы знать, когда вернется Дэн.
I don’t know if she will come home. – Я не знаю, вернется ли она домой.

Упражнение (вводное).

1. I wonder if he (laugh) all day.
2. She will buy a new bag when she (arrive) to London.
3. I will stay here till he (come).
4. Tell him about it if he (want).
5. I wonder when somebody (come and tell) her what to do.
6. Do you know if your uncle (come back) from his trip tomorrow?
7. Don’t tell her about it before she (ask).
8. I will know all about it when I (get) a letter from her.
9. She will catch bad cold unless she (go and change) her wet shoes.
10. I wonder when you (be ready) and if you (be on time).
11. I am not sure when she (return).
12. Will you wait until he (come)?
13. Please, book a return ticket if you (get) to New York.
14. I shall cut some sandwiches in case they (be) hungry.

Упражнение 1. Заполните пропуски союзами when или if.

Выполните упражнение, если вы путаете союзы when и if.

1. … I go home tonight, I’ll have a bath.
2. … there is a good programme on TV, I’ll watch it.
3. … there’s nothing in the fridge, we’ll eat out.
4. We’ll go skiing next winter … we have enough money.
5. … it’s a nice day tomorrow, we’ll go swimming.
6. I’m coming to London tomorrow. I’ll phone you … I arrive.
7. We’re thinking of going to Spain for our holidays. … we decide to go, I’ll let you know.

Упражнение 2 . Вставьте вместо точек when или if.

Похожее упражнение, но во второй части иногда встречается повелительное наклонение.

Упражнение 3 . Составьте сложное предложение из двух простых, используя союзы, данные в скобках. Примените правило 1.

ОБРАЗЕЦ: I’ll wait here. You’ll get back. (until ) — I’ll wait here until you get back.

1. Give me a ring. You’ll hear some news. (when)
2. The TV programme will end. I’ll do my homework. (after)
3. I’ll go to work. I’ll have a bath. (before)
4. She’ll be in Paris. She’ll visit friends. (when)
5. The lesson will end. I’ll go home. (as soon as)
6. I won’t leave the house. The postman will call. (until)
7. Can you feed the cats? I’ll be away, (when)
8. I’ll tell you about the holiday. I’ll get back. (when)
9. I’ll study English. I’ll speak it perfectly. (until)

Упражнение 4 . Ваш друг уезжает на каникулы. Задайте ему вопросы о его поездке.

ОБРАЗЕЦ: What/do/miss/plane? — What will you do if you miss the plane?

1. What/do/plane/be delayed?
2. Where/stay/hotels/be full?
3. Who/talk to/not make any friends?
4. What/do/not like the food?
5. Where/go/beaches/be crowded?
6. What/do/get sunburnt?

Упражнение 5 . Раскройте скобки, правильно употребив времена Future Simple и Present Simple.

ОБРАЗЕЦ. When I (see) Tom tomorrow, I (invite) him to our party. — When I see Tom tomorrow, I will invite him to our party.

1. Before you (leave), don’t forget to shut the windows. 2. I (phone) you as soon as I (arrive) in London. 3. Please don’t touch anything before the police (come). 4. Everyone (be) very surprised if he (pass) the exams. 5. When you (see) Brian again, you (not/ recognize) him. 6. We (not/start) dinner until Jack (arrive). 7. (you/ feel) lonely without me while I (be) away? 8. If I (need) any help, I (ask) you. 9. Come on! Hurry up! Ann (be) annoyed if we (be) late.

Упражнение 6. Объедините два предложения в одно по образцу. Используй союзы времени или условия по смыслу.

ОБРАЗЕЦ. You are going to leave soon. You must visit the doctor before that. — You must visit the doctor before you leave.

1. I’ll find somewhere to live. Then I’ll give you my address.
2. It’s going to start raining. Let’s go out before that.
3. I’m going to do the shopping. Then I’ll come home straight.
4. You’ll be in London next month. You must come and see me then.
5. I’m going to finish reading this book. Then I’ll get the dinner ready. (when)
6. We’ll make our decision. Then we’ll let you know. (as soon as)

Упражнение 7 . Вставьте вместо точек if или when.
1. … I see Tom tomorrow, I’ll invite him to our party.
2. … it rains this evening, I won’t go out.
3. I’ll phone you … I get back.
4. I’m feeling very tired. I think I’ll go straight to bed … I get home.
5. I’ll be very surprised … he doesn’t get the job.

Упражнение 8. Составьте смысловые цепочки предложений по образцу, используя if и will.

ОБРАЗЕЦ. If the earth gets warmer, the sea will get warmer. — If the sea gets warmer, the ice at the North and South Poles will melt. — If the ice …, etc.

1. the earth gets warmer
2. the sea gets warmer
3. the ice at the North and South Poles melts
4. the sea level rises
5. there are floods in many parts of the world

Упражнение 9 . Ваш друг отправляется за границу. Задайте ему вопросы.

ОБРАЗЕЦ: What/do/fall ill? - What will you do if you fall ill?

1. What/do/lose your passport?
2. What/do/not like/the food?
3. Where/go/need to phone your parents?
4. What/do/want/to make friends?
5. What/do/decide to improve your pronunciation?

Упражнение 10 . Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужную форму. Предложения относятся к будущему.

1. If you (eat) another cake, you (be) sick. 2. You (fail) your exam if you (not/study) hard. 3. What you (do) if you (fail)? 4. Our children and grandchildren (suffer) if we (not/look after) our planet. 5. If you (be) late, I (go) without you. 6. If she (pass) her driving test, she (buy) a car. 7. If my neighbours (not/stop) making a noise, I (complain).

RELATIVE CLAUSES

1 Underline any relative pronouns that can be left out in these sentences.

1 I think that my boss is the person who I admire most.

2 Harry, who was tired, went to bed very early.

3 Were taking the train that leaves at 6.00.

4 Have you seen the book that I left here on the desk?

5 The film which we liked most was the French one.

6 My radio, which isn’t very old, has suddenly stopped working.

7 The clothes which you left behind are at the reception desk.

8 The couple who met me at the station took me out to dinner.

9 Last week I ran into an old friend who I hadn’t seen for ages.

10 Don’t cook the meat that I put in the freezer - it’s for the dog.

2 Replace the relative pronouns in italics with that , where possible.

1 This is the magazine which I told you about.

... This is the magazine that I tild you about .............................

2 John’s flat, which is in the same block as mine, is much larger.

3 The girl whose bag I offered to carry turned out to be an old friend.

4 The policeman who arrested her had recognized her car.

5 I work with someone who knows you.

6 We don’t sell goods which have been damaged.

7 Brighton, which is on the south coast, is a popular holiday resort.

8 I don’t know anyone whose clothes would fit you.

9 There’s a cafe near here which serves very good meals.

10 People who park outside get given parking tickets.

3 Underline the most suitable word in each sentence.

1 My friend Jack, that / who / whose parents live in Glasgow, invited me to spend Christmas in Scotland.

2 Here’s the computer program that / whom / whose I told you about.

3 I don’t believe the story that / who / whom she told us.

4 Peter comes from Witney, that / who / which is near Oxford.

5 This is the gun with that / whom / which the murder was committed.

6 Have you received the parcel whom / whose / which we sent you?

7 Is this the person who / which / whose you asked me about?

8 That’s the girl that / who / whose brother sits next to me at school.

9 The meal, that / which / whose wasn’t very tasty, was quite expensive.

10 We didn’t enjoy the play that / who / whose we went to see.

4 Put one suitable word in each space, or leave the space blank where possible.

MURDER AT THE STATION by Lorraine Small Episode 5: Trouble on the 6.15 The story so far:

Jane Platt, (1) ….who... is travelling to London because of a mysterious letter, is the only person (2)............................ witnesses a murder at Victoria Station. The detective to (3)........................... she gives her statement then disappears. Jane goes to an office in Soho to answer the letter (4)................................. she had received. There she discovers that her uncle Gordon, (5)............................... lives in South America, has sent her a small box (6)............................ she is only to open if in trouble. Jane,(7)......................... parents have never mentioned an Uncle Gordon, is suspicious of the box, (8)........................... she gives to her friend Tony. They go to Scotland Yard and see Inspector Groves, (9)............................... has not heard of the Victoria Station murder, (10)....................... was not reported to the police. Jane gives Inspector Groves the murdered man"s ticket, (11)........................... she found beside his body. Then Jane and Tony decide to go to Redhill, (12)................................... was. The town (13)....................... the murdered man had come from. On the train they meet a man, (14).................................. face is somehow familiar to Jane, (15)......................... says he knows her Uncle Gordon …

5 Put a suitable relative pronoun in each space, or leave the space blank where possible.

1 My bike, ...wich............ I had left at the gate, had disappeared.

2 The shoes............................ I bought were the ones................................... I tried on first.

3 The bag in.........................the robbers put the money was found later.

4 The medicine.............................the doctor gave me had no effect at all.

5 Peter,................................... couldn’t see the screen, decided to change his seat.

6 I really liked that tea............................. you made me this morning.

7 What was the name of your friend.................................... tent we borrowed?

8 The flight......................................... Joe was leaving on was cancelled.

6 Make one sentence from each group of sentences, beginning as shown.

1 The hotel was full of guests. The hotel was miles from anywhere. The guests had gone there to admire the scenery.

The hotel, which. ..was miles from anywhere was full of guests who had gone there to admire the scenery......

2 I lent you a book. It was written by a friend of mine. She lives in France.

The book I...........................................................................................................

3 A woman’s handbag was stolen. A police officer was staying in the same hotel. The woman was interviewed by him.

The woman whose...........................................................................................

4 A goal was scored by a teenager. He had come on as substitute. This goal won the match.

The goal which......................................................................................................

5 I was sitting next to a boy in the exam. He told me the answers.

The boy I.......................................................................

6 My wallet contained over £100. It was found in the street by a schoolboy. He returned it.

My wallet,.............................................................................................................

7 My friend Albert has decided to buy a motorbike. His car was stolen last week. My friend Albert,..............................................................................

8 Carol is a vegetarian. I cooked a meal for her last week. She enjoyed it. Carol,......................................................................................................................

7 Make one new sentence from each pair of sentences. Begin as shown, and use the word given in capitals.

8 Make one sentence from each group of sentences, beginning as shown.

1 I got on a train. I wanted to go to a station. The train didn’t stop there.

The train I.. got on didn"t stop at the station I wanted to go to ......................

2 I read a book. You recommended a book to me. This was the book.

The book I........................................................................................................................

3 The ship hit an iceberg and sank. Warning messages had been sent to it. The ship ignored these.

The ship,............................................................................................................................

4 The postman realized I was on holiday. You had sent me a parcel. The postman left it next door.

The postman,....................................................................................................................

5 I used to own a dog. People came to the door. The dog never barked at them. The dog I...........................................................................................................................

6 I bought my bike from a woman. She lives in a house. You can see the house over there.

The woman I....................................................................................................................

7 We went to a beach on the first day of our holiday. It was covered in seaweed. This smelled a lot.

The beach we...................................................................................................................

8 My neighbours have three small children. The children make a lot of noise.

My neighbours never apologize.

My neighbours,................................................................................................................

9 I bought a new computer. It cost me a lot of money.

The new.............................................................................................................................

9 These sentences are all grammatically possible, but not appropriate in speech. Rewrite each sentence so that it ends with the preposition in italics.

1 Margaret is the girl with whom I went on holiday.

... Margaret is the girl I went on holiday ..........................

2 The golf club is the only club of which I am a member.

3 That’s the girl about whom we were talking.

4 It was a wonderful present, for which I was extremely grateful.

5 This is the school to which I used to go.

6 Is this the case in which we should put the wine glasses?

7 Can you move the chair on which you are sitting?

8 That’s the shop from which I got my shoes.

9 Is that the person next to whom you usually sit?

10 This is Bill, about whom you have heard so much.

Conditional sentences

(grammar material,practice)

Compiled by V.Kiselyova

Conditional sentences I

( Условные предложения I типа )

Состоят из главного предложения и придаточного предложения условия.

Они выражают реальные условия,относящиеся к настоящему или будущему

времени.

Схемы условных предложений I типа

If … V 1(-S) … … will V 1 ... … . 1)

Придаточное услов. Главное

If I have time I will visit an exhibition.

(Pr.Simple) (Future Simple)

... will V (1) … … if … V 1(-S) … . 2)

Главноепридаточноеусловия

The children will get good marks if they write the test correctly.

(Future Simple) (Present Simple)

«если» - в условных предложениях (Present Simple )

If

«ли» - в косвенных общих вопросах (Future Simple )

Practice

I

1. If I … him I will invite him to join us.

a) will see b) see

2. We’ll be late unless we … .

a) will hurry b) hurry

3. If it … fine tomorrow,we’ll go for a picnic.

a) is b) will be

4. If I see him,I … him that book.

a) will give b) give

5. If he … all these apples,he will be ill.

a) eats b) will eat

6. If you … away,I’ll call my brother.

a) will not go b) do not go

7. If he … late,we’ll go without him.

a) will be b) is

8. If he … hard today,can he have a holiday next week?

a) works b) will work

9. If you … this magazine,I’ll bring you another.

a) will not like b) do not like

10. If he … university now,he will be sorry afterwards

a) leaves b) will leave

II 1. I’ll look for your book and if I (find) it I (give) you a ring.

If you put the ice cubes into very hot water,they (crack).

If he (win),he (get) 100,000 dollars;if he (come) in second,he (get) 50,ooo.

If he (want) more money,he (have) to do more work.

If you (not take) this book to the library tomorrow,you (have) to pay a fine.

If you (like),I (get) you a job in this company.

If the weather (be) good,we (go) to the country.

I (tell) him the whole truth if I (know) it.

If he (invite) me,I (go) to his party.

If it (freeze) tonight,the roads (be) very slippery tomorrow.

III 1. We wonder if he (come) home on time.

They ask if the boy (want) to join us.

If the weather (be) fine tomorrow,we’ll go for a walk.

I don’t know if she (come) to the party.

The mother wants to know if her son (take) part in the concert.

If it (rain) we (take) umbrellas.

The teacher wonders if you (make) a report at the next lesson.

The child (fall) ill if he (go) to bed too late every day.

IV Finish the sentences.

If I go to the USA this summer,I will visit … .

If I feel hungry this evening,I will eat … .

If I have time next weekend,I shall go … .

If I have to write a story for homework,I will write about … .

If you come to my home,you will see … .

If it is cold tomorrow,I will put on … .

If we finish early today … .

If I quarrel with my parents … .

If I lose my keys … .

If we get too much homework … .

If my fried gets into trouble … .

I’ll eat my hat if … .

We will be very happy if … .

I will be angry with my friend if … .

Will you help me if … ?

V Make up sentences.

If I go to …,I’ll see (visit)… .

You’ll see …,if you travel (go) to … .

Tests

I 1. If you go to the party you (enjoy) every minute of it.

2. My friend (get) the first place if he (take) part in the competition.

3. Она приготовит очень вкусный обед,если придут друзья.

II 1. I will come home late if I (stay) to make a wall newspaper.

The students (attend) the lecture if it (be) interesting.

Если мои родители достанут билеты,они пойдут вечером в

театр.

III 1. If my friend (come) to see me,I will be very glad.

If mother buys a cake,we (have) a very nice tea party.

IV 1. If you (be) free,I shall come to see you.

If she knows English,she (try) to enter the university.

If I (live) in Moscow,I (visit) the Tretyakov Gallery.

Live in the South go to bed at once

Come home late bathe every day

If I receive his letter I will be very sorry

Find my book be very glad

Lose my money be very happy

See my friend ask his advice

VI 1. If it snows,we … at home.

A) stay b) will stay

2. If she gives him her address,he … her a letter.

A) will write b) writes

VIII 1. We (drink) tea,if we (have no) coffee.

My friend (go) to the USA,if he (win) the competition.

Poem

Will You Come?

Will you come? Would you come?

Will you come? Would you come

Will you ride If the noon

So late Gave light,

At my side? Not the moon?

O,will you come? Beautiful,would you come?

Will you come? Would you have come?

Will you come Would you have come

If the night Without scorning,

Has a moon Had it been

Full and bright? Still morning?

O,will you come? Beloved,would you have come?

If you come,

Haste and come.

Owls have cried;

It grows dark

To ride.

Beloved,beautiful,come!

Edward Thomas

Conditional sentences II

(Условные предложения II типа)

Выражают маловероятные и нереальные условия,относящиеся к настоящему

или будущему времени.

Схемы условных предложений II типа

1) If … V 2 … … would V 1 … … .

Придаточное главное

If we visited the Tretyakov Gallery we would see paintings of famous artists.

Придаточное главное

2) … would V 1 … … if … V 2 … … .

Главноепридаточное

They would speak English fluently if they learned the words.

Future-in-the Past Past Simple

Главное придаточное

В придаточных предложениях – was were - для всех лиц и чисел

If I were you I would not make such a mistake.

«если бы» - в условных предложениях (Past Simple )

If

«ли» - в косвенных вопросах (Future-in-the Past)

Practice

Insert the verbs in the correct form.

If I had a spare ticket,I … take you to the cinema.

a) would b) will

2. John suggested that I should … for another job.

A) look b) have looked

3. If she … you,she would be able to advise you.

A) had been b) were

4. We were afraid lest he should … too early.

A) have come b) come

5. She would buy a new fur coat if her husband … enough money.

A) would give b) gave

6. If the students attended all the lectures,they … their exams successfully.

A) would pass b) passed

7. If I were you I … him.

A) would not forgive b) did not forgive

8. I would help the poor if I … very rich.

A) would be b) were

9. If I were a doctor,I … people healthy.

A) made b) would make

10. They … to the country if the weather were better.

A) would go b) went

II 1. If I (know) his name,I’d give it to you.

He (look) a lot better if he did more esercise.

If he worked more carefully,he (not make) so many mistakes.

I wouldn’t do that if I (be) you.

More tourists would come to this seaside if it (have) better climate.

If someone (give) you a submarine,what would you do with it?

If you (not belong) to a union,you couldn’t get a job.

If I (win) a big prize in a lottery,I’d give up my job.

He might get fat if he (go on) eating like that.

If he knew that it was dangerous,he (not come).

III 1. If you (go) on a diet,you (lose) weight.

If we (work) all night,we (finish) in time.

If I see a tiger walking across Hyde Park,I (climb) a tree.

If you (keep) a cat,the mice (not run) about everywhere.

If it (be) summer,the people (not sit) round that big fire.

If you (paint) the walls white,the room (be) much bigger.

If he (take) any exercise,he (not be) so unhealthy.

If they (speak) English to her,her English (improve).

If I (ask) him for help,he (help) me.

If I (know) his address,I (can) write to him.

IV Finish the sentences.

If you ate less … .

If she practiced more … .

You would look better if … .

If you came in time … .

If you didn’t shake the camera so much,your photographs … .

If I could live anywhere I wanted,I would live … .

If I had a museum,I would collect … .

If we were all geniuses … .

If you came to visit me … .

I would stand on my head if … .

I would go to the Canary Isles if … .

V Make “Chains of events”.

1. (Boys) – If I won a car in a lottery … .

2. (Girls) – If I won the title of “Miss Universe” … .

Poem

Quiet Girl

I would liken you

To a night without stars.

Were it not for your eyes.

I would liken you

To a sleep without dreams

Were it not for your songs.

Langston Hughes

Conditional sentences III

( Условные предложения III типа)

Выражают совершенно невыполнимые условия ,не реализованные в прошлом.

Схемы условных предложений III типа

1) If … had V 3 … … would have V 3 … … .

Придаточное главное

(Past Perfect) (Future Perfect)

If you had known grammar better your composition would have been a success.

2) … would have V 3 … … if … had V 3 … … .

Главноепридаточное

The children would have travelled to England if the tickets had been free.

If «если бы»

I Match the parts of the sentences.

1. I would have bought a new coat if a)she would not have waited

2. He would have given her diamonds if for him so long.

3. Her life mighthave been saved if b)everything would have been

4. If he had taken my advice all right.

5. If you have checked the petrol before we started c)only I had had enough

6. If she had not loved him money.

D)he had stolen them from the

Museum.

E)the doctors had taken better

Care of her.

F)we would not have made so

Many stops.

II Insert the verbs in the correct form.

If I had known that you were in hospital,I … you.

a) would have visited b) had visited

2. If you … ten minutes earlier,you would have got a seat.

a) would have arrived b) had arrived

3. I wouldn’t have believed it if I … it with my own eyes.

a) had not seen b) would not have seen

4. If I … that you were coming,I’d baked a cake.

a) would have known b) had known

5. If I … what a bad driver you were,I wouldn’t have gone with you.

a) had realized b) would have realized

6. If he had known that the river was dangerous,he … to swim across it.

a) would not have tried b) had not tried

7. If you … more slowly,he might have understood you.

a) had spoken b) would have spoken

8. If he had known the whole story,he … so angry.

a) would not have been b) had not been

9. If I … again,I think that I would have succeeded.

a) would have tried b) had tried

10. If I … ready when he called,he would have taken me with him.

a) would have been b) had been

III 1. If there (be) any snow round there,we (go) skiing.

If my friend (know) my address,he (find) my house.

If I (receive) your letter,I (answer) it.

If he (give up) smoking,he (look) better.

If we (invite) them,they (come) to our party.

If I (know) they need me,I (come) at once.

If we (learn) the truth,she (be) very angry.

If he (study) more,he (pass) his exam easily.

If the story hadn’t been true,the newspaper (not print) it.

We (go) by air if we (have) enough money.

IV Make “Chains of events”.

If Cinderella hadn’t met a Fairy … … .

If Prince Gvidon and his mother hadn’t been thrown into the ocean in the

barrel … … .

If tsar Dadon hadn’t taken the golden cock from the wise old man … … .

Tests

Variant 1

What … you … if your car was broken?

A) will … do; B) would … do

b) All the students … the lesson if the teacher explains it again.

A) will understand; B) would understand

c) If you paid more attention to grammar,you … the composition better.

A) will write; B) would write

d) If you found a purse in the street,you … it to the police.

A) will take; B) would take

e) My parents … upset,if I lose my key.

A) will be; B) would be

f) You … a good time if you stayed at a hotel.

A) will have; B) would have

g) We … to the theatre if Peter wasn’t well.

h) If the weather was bad,we … out.

A) would not go; B) would not have gone

i) If he had stopped the bus,the accident … .

A) would happen; B) would have happened

j) I would have gone out if my mother … at home.

A) wasn’t; B) had been

k) If I … George,I would have invited him to the party.

A) knew; B) had known

l) If youhad done that,you … all right.

A) would have been; B) would be

Translate into English.

Я пришёл бы к вам вчера,если бы вы позвонили мне.

На вашем месте я попытался бы поехать в 3 часа.

Variant 2

Choose the right form of the verb.

What … he … if he won a million dollars?

A) will … do; B) would do

b) If they catch the train,they … in time.

A) will arrive; B) would arrive

c) If you took more exercise,you … better.

A) will feel; B) would feel

d) If it stopped raining,they … shopping.

A) will go; B) would go

e) If I didn’t pass my exam,I … on vacation.

A) will not go; B) would not go

f) I … very angry,if you did not come to my birthday.

A) will feel; B) would feel

g) If I had known it,I … to meet them.

A) would go; B) would have gone

h) If the bloue matched the shirt,she … it.

A) would buy; B) would have bought

i) If you didn’t wear a warm coat,you … cold.

A) would be; B) would have been

j) He would have been late for his job if he … the train.

A) had missed; B) missed

k) If you … that,you would be poisoned.

A) drank; B) had drunk

l) If the weather … warmer they would have enjoyed the picnic.

A) had been; B) was

Translate into English.

Я бы ему написал,если бы вчера узнал его адрес.

Если бы я поехал в Атланту,я бы посетил Музей «Кока-колы».

Ключи к тесту:

A e) A h) A k) B

B f) B i) B l) A

a) B d) B g) B j) A

b) A e) B h) A k) A

C) B f) B i) A l) A

Задание 2

Задание 2

а ) I would have come to you

yesterday,if you had called me.

b) If I were you,I would try to

go at 3 o’clock.

a) I would have written him,if

I had known his address yester-

day.

b) If I went to Atlanta,I would

visit Coca-cola museum.

Short tests (5-10 minutes)

Conditionals II

Put the verbs in the right form.

If he (not read) so much,he would not be so clever.

If you were not so careless about your health,you (consult) the doctor.

My father (have) more free time if he (not read) so many newspapers.

If she (not be) so absent-minded,she would be a much better student.

If you were a poet,you (write) beautiful poems.

If you (ring) me up,I (tell) you a secret.

Conditionals III

If I had met you yesterday I (tell) you something.

I (get) a good mark if I had learned my lessons.

If I (read) this new book I (find) out all about this discovery.

If she (not help) me,I should have been in a very tough situation.

He (meet) his friend if he had come to our house yesterday.

If you (let) me know yesterday,I (bring) you my book.

Open the brackets and write each sentence in the I,II and III types of Conditionals.

If you (be) free,I (come) to see you.

If I (see) her,I (be) glad.

If we (receive) a telegram from him,we (not worry).

If you (be) busy,I (wait).

Conditionals of the I,II,III types.

Open the brackets and write each sentence in the I,II,III types of Conditionals.

If you (come) on time,we (catch) the train.

If the team (win) the match,it (be) a champion.

Make up the sentences.

At home go to bed at once.

If I am a poet I would got that book.

In the South be very sorry.

If I (were) come home late bathe every day.

Gone to the library I will gone to the theatre.

Fall ill been pleased.

If I had (been) had a ticket yesterday I would have write nice poems.

Met you yesterday have a good time.

Lose my money go to the doctor

Translate .

Если погода была бы(будет)хорошая,мы бы играли(будем) играть в футбол.

Бессоюзные условные предложения

Если условные (придаточные) предложения содержат глаголы had, were, could, should, то возможно бессоюзная связь главного и придаточного предложений. В этом случае эти глаголы ставятся перед подлежащим, союз if опускается. Такой порядок слов называется инверсией.
Перевод таких предложений следует начинать с союза «если бы».
E.g. Had he a dictionary, he could translate the text. – Если бы у него был словарь, он смог бы перевести текст.
Should he come, ask him to wait. – Если он придет, попросите его подождать.

Условные предложения. Сослагательное наклонение после "I wish”

Упражнение 1.
Переведите на русский язык следующие предложения.
1. I’ll ask Tom if I see him today.
2. We would go to the party if we had time tomorrow.
3. She would pass her exam next month if she worked harder.
4. She would be happy if she met him at the party next Sunday.
5. We’ll go nowhere tomorrow if it rains.
6. If she knew his phone number, she would call him next week.
7. If J. London had not learned life from his own experience, he could not have written his great works.
8. Had the science of radio not been developed so rapidly, we should not have got such remarkable changes in the technique today.
9. Had he been a young man, he would have taken part in the expedition.
10. If you had applied this method, you would have got better results.

Упражнение 2.
Поставьте глаголы в скобках в нужную форму
1. The trains all (stop) … if it snowed heavily.
2. If you (go out) … in cold weather without a coat, you would catch a cold.
3. If I saw a cheap second- hand car, I (buy) … it.
4. If you ate well and exercised regularly, you (live) … 100 years.
5. You would have had stomach ache if you (eat) … too much of that cake.
6. If it (rain) … this afternoon, I (take)… my umbrella.
7. If you did not drive carefully, you (have) … an accident.
8. If you (study) … for a higher qualification, you (get) … a better job next year.
9. If you sent the letter by first class mail, it (get) … there the following day.
10. If the weather is fine, we (go) for a picnic.

Упражнение 3.
Завершите следующие предложения.
1. I’ll ask him to lend me the money (если я вижу его).
2. You’ll be late (если не поедете на автобусе).
3. Will you help me (если мне нужна будет ваша помощь)?
4. I’d lend you the money (если бы у меня были деньги).
5. If I had her address (я бы дал вам его).
6. If they had gone by car, (они бы сэкономили время).
7. If my mother won a million pounds, (она бы потратила их очень быстро).
8. If I had more time, (я бы прочитал больше книг).
9. (если я буду чувствовать себя хорошо), I’ll be in class tomorrow.
10. He would have come to the party last Sunday (если бы его пригласили).

Упражнение 4.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в соответствующей форме.
1. If I (to have) this rare book, I should gladly lend it to you.
2. The dish would have been much more tasty if she (to be) a better cook.
3. He never (to phone) you if I hadn’t reminded him to do that.
4. Your brother (to become) much stronger if he took cold baths regularly.
5. If he (to be) more courageous, he would not be afraid.
6. If the fisherman had been less patient, he (not to catch) so much fish.
7. If you (to put) the ice-cream into the refrigerator, it would not have melted.
8. If I (to know) the result now, I would phone her immediately.
9. If you had let me know yesterday, I (to bring) you my book.
10. If it (to snow), the children will play snowballs.

Упражнение 5.
Образуйте условные предложения.
Ex.g.: The weather is not fine and we won’t go for a walk. – If the weather is fine, we will go for a walk”.
1. He is busy and does not come. If…
2. The girl did not study well last year and received bad marks. If…
3. He broke his bicycle and so he did not go to the country. If…
4.He speaks English badly: he has no practice. If…
5. I had a bad headache yesterday, that’s why I did not come to see you. If…
6. The ship was sailing near the coast, that’s why it struck a rock. If…
7. He was not in town, therefore he was not present at our meeting. If…
8. The pavement was so slippery that I fell and hurt my leg. If…
9. The sea is rough, and we cannot sail to the island. If …
10. They made a fire, and the frightened wolves ran away. If …

Упражнение 6.
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в соответствующей форме сослагательного наклонения после "I wish”.
1. The unfortunate pupil wishes he (not to forget) to learn the rule.
2. I wish I (to have) a season ticket to the Philharmonic next winter.
3. I wish I (to consult) the teacher when I first felt that mathematics was too difficult for me.
4. I love sunny weather. I wish it (to be) warm and fine all the year round.
5. I wish I (not to lend) Nick my watch: he has broken it.
6. I wish you (to send) word as soon as you arrive.
7. I wish I (not to have) to do my homework every day.
8. I wish you (to go) skiing with me yesterday: I had such a good time!
9. I wish I (to know) Spanish.
10. I wish I (not to drink) so much coffee in the evening: I could not sleep half the night.

Упражнение 7
Переведите на английский язык.
1. Если бы он не был так близорук (short-sighted), он бы узнал меня вчера в театре.
2. Она здорова. Если бы она была больна, ее брат сказал бы мне об этом вчера.
3. Вы бы много знали, если бы регулярно читали этот журнал.
4. Если бы я узнала об этом раньше, то не сидела бы сейчас дома.
5. Если бы мои родители были богаты, они бы уже давно купили мне машину.
6. Она очень талантлива. Хорошо бы родители купили ей пианино. Если она начнет играть сейчас, она будет выдающимся (distinguished) музыкантом.
7. Если бы я знал французский, я бы уже давно поговорил с ней.
8. Если бы я знал немецкий язык, я бы читал Гете в оригинале (in the original).
9. Если бы я жил близко, я бы чаще (more often) заходил к вам.
10. Если бы вы не прервали (to interrupt) нас вчера, мы бы закончили работу в срок.

Упражнение 8.
Допишите следующие предложения.
1. You would know English better if …
2. I should have left Moscow yesterday if …
3. If I were you, …
4. If I had known that it was going to rain, …
5. I shall go for a walk, if …
6. I should lend you my textbook if …
7. If we had bought the tickets, …
8. If they were here, …
9. We should be glad if …
10. If he were younger, …

Упражнение 9.
Опустите союз в следующих условных предложениях, сделав соответствующие изменения в предложении.
Ex.g.: If we had gone there later, we would have seen them. – Had we gone there later, we would have seen them».
1. If I had time, I should study French.
2. If you should find them, kindly let me know.
3. If they had called at the office yesterday, they would have found me there.
4. If I had seen him yesterday, I should have told him about it.
5. If he were here I should speak to him.
6. If he were in town, he would help us.
7. If he should come, tell him to wait.
8. If I had enough money, I would travel.
9. If I were you, I should go there immediately.
10. If I were in his place, I should refuse.

Продолжаем отрабатывать условные (Conditional Sentences in the Future) и временные предложения (Adverbial Clauses of time in the Future) в будущем. Всегда начинаем с несложных упражнений, а именно:

Во-первых, надо понять и выучить назубок подчинительные союзы (слова-связки). Учить по списку – пустая затея; самый беспроигрышный вариант – отслеживать союзы в предложениях. Упражнения с союзами: ; уже написаны. Переводя английские условные и временные предложения необходимо уяснить разницу между

Во-вторых, надо “увидеть” в английских предложениях грамматическое правило образования придаточных предложений условия и времени в будущем. Для этого надо читать как можно больше английских предложений в данном грамматическом поле. Тогда новая, только что усвоенная грамматика будет узнаваема.

Разобравшись с союзами и освоив основное правило условных и временных придаточных в будущем, можно выходить на средний уровень (intermediate).

В следующих предложениях надо раскрыть скобки и поставить глаголы в нужном времени. Само собой разумеется, предложения надо перевести.

1. Before John (to start) for London he (to come) to my place to say good-bye.

2. You (to invite) Tom to our party when you (to see) him?

3. Your granny (to be amazed) when you (to see) the view.

4. I (to catch) the train if I (to take) a taxi?

5. You (not to go) until I (to know) the truth.

6. You (to phone) me as soon as you arrive in London?

7. If Ann (to look after) the luggage, I (to buy) the tickets.

8. What he (to do) if he (to fail) his exam?

9. You (to have) a bicycle of your own when you (to be) older.

10. If a beggar (to ask) you for money, you (to give) him any?

11. What you (to do) when you (to graduate from) your University?

12. Let’s go to the cafe when the concert (to be over).

13. I hope we (to see) before you (to leave).

14. You (to forgive) Tom if he (to apologize) to you?

15. Stay at home until your husband (to return). Give him the note as soon as he (to come).

16. What you (to do) if you (to want; to hire) a taxi?

17. If I (to meet) Mary today I (to speak) to her.

18. The child (not to improve) unless his elder brother (to set) him a good example.

19. You (must; to help) him if he (to be) in trouble.

20. Henry (to be busy) when we (to return) home?

21. I (not to go) to the party unless you (to come) with me.

22. You (can; to play) the piano if you (to like).

23. The boy (to complain) if I (to punish) him?

24. Don’t get off the bus until it (to stop).

25. You (can; to do) this work If he (to fail) you?

26. I (not to express) an opinion until I (to know) the facts.

27. If he (to make) another attempt, he (to succeed)?

28. The river (not to begin; to rise) until some rain (to fall).

29. I (to write) to you when I (to leave) England.

30. As soon as Henry (to spend) that money He (to try; to borrow) some more.

31. We (to go) to the country tomorrow if the weather (to be) fine?

32. The train (not can; to move) until the the snow (to fall).

33. If you (to take) more interest in the language you (to succeed).

34. Don’t leave the house until you (to wash) your face.

35. What you (to do) if your children (to behave) badly?

36. When John (to grow) a beard, even his closest friends (not to recognize) him.

37. You (to go) with us to the ZOO tomorrow if you (to be) a good boy.

38. You (to help) me if I (to need) you?

39. If you (to leave) the letter on the table, my sister (to post) it for you.

40. What you (to do) if you (not to share) your companion’s opinion?