RELATIVE CLAUSES

1 Underline any relative pronouns that can be left out in these sentences.

1 I think that my boss is the person who I admire most.

2 Harry, who was tired, went to bed very early.

3 Were taking the train that leaves at 6.00.

4 Have you seen the book that I left here on the desk?

5 The film which we liked most was the French one.

6 My radio, which isn’t very old, has suddenly stopped working.

7 The clothes which you left behind are at the reception desk.

8 The couple who met me at the station took me out to dinner.

9 Last week I ran into an old friend who I hadn’t seen for ages.

10 Don’t cook the meat that I put in the freezer - it’s for the dog.

2 Replace the relative pronouns in italics with that , where possible.

1 This is the magazine which I told you about.

... This is the magazine that I tild you about .............................

2 John’s flat, which is in the same block as mine, is much larger.

3 The girl whose bag I offered to carry turned out to be an old friend.

4 The policeman who arrested her had recognized her car.

5 I work with someone who knows you.

6 We don’t sell goods which have been damaged.

7 Brighton, which is on the south coast, is a popular holiday resort.

8 I don’t know anyone whose clothes would fit you.

9 There’s a cafe near here which serves very good meals.

10 People who park outside get given parking tickets.

3 Underline the most suitable word in each sentence.

1 My friend Jack, that / who / whose parents live in Glasgow, invited me to spend Christmas in Scotland.

2 Here’s the computer program that / whom / whose I told you about.

3 I don’t believe the story that / who / whom she told us.

4 Peter comes from Witney, that / who / which is near Oxford.

5 This is the gun with that / whom / which the murder was committed.

6 Have you received the parcel whom / whose / which we sent you?

7 Is this the person who / which / whose you asked me about?

8 That’s the girl that / who / whose brother sits next to me at school.

9 The meal, that / which / whose wasn’t very tasty, was quite expensive.

10 We didn’t enjoy the play that / who / whose we went to see.

4 Put one suitable word in each space, or leave the space blank where possible.

MURDER AT THE STATION by Lorraine Small Episode 5: Trouble on the 6.15 The story so far:

Jane Platt, (1) ….who... is travelling to London because of a mysterious letter, is the only person (2)............................ witnesses a murder at Victoria Station. The detective to (3)........................... she gives her statement then disappears. Jane goes to an office in Soho to answer the letter (4)................................. she had received. There she discovers that her uncle Gordon, (5)............................... lives in South America, has sent her a small box (6)............................ she is only to open if in trouble. Jane,(7)......................... parents have never mentioned an Uncle Gordon, is suspicious of the box, (8)........................... she gives to her friend Tony. They go to Scotland Yard and see Inspector Groves, (9)............................... has not heard of the Victoria Station murder, (10)....................... was not reported to the police. Jane gives Inspector Groves the murdered man"s ticket, (11)........................... she found beside his body. Then Jane and Tony decide to go to Redhill, (12)................................... was. The town (13)....................... the murdered man had come from. On the train they meet a man, (14).................................. face is somehow familiar to Jane, (15)......................... says he knows her Uncle Gordon …

5 Put a suitable relative pronoun in each space, or leave the space blank where possible.

1 My bike, ...wich............ I had left at the gate, had disappeared.

2 The shoes............................ I bought were the ones................................... I tried on first.

3 The bag in.........................the robbers put the money was found later.

4 The medicine.............................the doctor gave me had no effect at all.

5 Peter,................................... couldn’t see the screen, decided to change his seat.

6 I really liked that tea............................. you made me this morning.

7 What was the name of your friend.................................... tent we borrowed?

8 The flight......................................... Joe was leaving on was cancelled.

6 Make one sentence from each group of sentences, beginning as shown.

1 The hotel was full of guests. The hotel was miles from anywhere. The guests had gone there to admire the scenery.

The hotel, which. ..was miles from anywhere was full of guests who had gone there to admire the scenery......

2 I lent you a book. It was written by a friend of mine. She lives in France.

The book I...........................................................................................................

3 A woman’s handbag was stolen. A police officer was staying in the same hotel. The woman was interviewed by him.

The woman whose...........................................................................................

4 A goal was scored by a teenager. He had come on as substitute. This goal won the match.

The goal which......................................................................................................

5 I was sitting next to a boy in the exam. He told me the answers.

The boy I.......................................................................

6 My wallet contained over £100. It was found in the street by a schoolboy. He returned it.

My wallet,.............................................................................................................

7 My friend Albert has decided to buy a motorbike. His car was stolen last week. My friend Albert,..............................................................................

8 Carol is a vegetarian. I cooked a meal for her last week. She enjoyed it. Carol,......................................................................................................................

7 Make one new sentence from each pair of sentences. Begin as shown, and use the word given in capitals.

8 Make one sentence from each group of sentences, beginning as shown.

1 I got on a train. I wanted to go to a station. The train didn’t stop there.

The train I.. got on didn"t stop at the station I wanted to go to ......................

2 I read a book. You recommended a book to me. This was the book.

The book I........................................................................................................................

3 The ship hit an iceberg and sank. Warning messages had been sent to it. The ship ignored these.

The ship,............................................................................................................................

4 The postman realized I was on holiday. You had sent me a parcel. The postman left it next door.

The postman,....................................................................................................................

5 I used to own a dog. People came to the door. The dog never barked at them. The dog I...........................................................................................................................

6 I bought my bike from a woman. She lives in a house. You can see the house over there.

The woman I....................................................................................................................

7 We went to a beach on the first day of our holiday. It was covered in seaweed. This smelled a lot.

The beach we...................................................................................................................

8 My neighbours have three small children. The children make a lot of noise.

My neighbours never apologize.

My neighbours,................................................................................................................

9 I bought a new computer. It cost me a lot of money.

The new.............................................................................................................................

9 These sentences are all grammatically possible, but not appropriate in speech. Rewrite each sentence so that it ends with the preposition in italics.

1 Margaret is the girl with whom I went on holiday.

... Margaret is the girl I went on holiday ..........................

2 The golf club is the only club of which I am a member.

3 That’s the girl about whom we were talking.

4 It was a wonderful present, for which I was extremely grateful.

5 This is the school to which I used to go.

6 Is this the case in which we should put the wine glasses?

7 Can you move the chair on which you are sitting?

8 That’s the shop from which I got my shoes.

9 Is that the person next to whom you usually sit?

10 This is Bill, about whom you have heard so much.

Вспоминаем, как правильно строить условные предложения в английском языке. Упражнения с ответами, переводом и пояснениями к каждому заданию. Здесь вы найдете упражнения 3 типов:

• Выбрать из предложенных вариантов подходящий, так чтобы получилось грамматически правильное условное предложение .
• Подставить вместо многоточия глагол в нужной форме.
• Перевести условные предложения с русского на английский.

Выполнив задание, нажмите на "Показать правильный ответ" и сверьте свой ответ с правильным.

Если в каком-то задании вы встретите незнакомое английское слово, то достаточно дважды щелкнуть по нему, чтобы получить перевод.

Подробное объяснения правил построения условных предложений, вы найдете в этой статье .

Упражнение 1.

Рядом с каждым заданием вы видите два варианта ответа. Выберите подходящий вариант, а затем нажмите на кнопку "Показать правильный ответ..." и сверьтесь с правильным ответом.

Упражнение 2.

В приведенных ниже условных предложениях раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в форме условного наклонения. Введите в текстовое поле ваш вариант ответа, а затем сравните с правильным ответом. При необходимости добавляйте вспомогательные глаголы will, would, had.

Упражнения 3.

Раскройте скобки, чтобы получилось правильное условное предложение. При необходимости добавляйте вспомогательные глаголы will, would, had.

Упражнения 4.

Раскройте скобки, чтобы получилось правильное предложение. При необходимости добавляйте вспомогательные глаголы will, would, had.

Упражнения 5.

Переведите условные предложения с русского языка на английский. Сравните ваш перевод с правильным ответом.

Условных предложений, а также познакомиться с . Пришло время выполнить упражнения на все эти типы условных предложений. Conditionals exercises даются с ответами, поэтому Вы сможете проверить уровень своих знаний по теме Условные предложения. Упражнения на Conditionals — прекрасный способ отработать полученные знания. Некоторые предложения, действительно, сложные – поэтому задавайте вопросы в комментариях.

Упражнения на условные предложения в английском. Conditionals exercises.

Упражнение 1. Подчеркните правильный вариант ответа. Underline the correct form to make conditional sentences.

1. If Rita opens /will open a boutique in the High Street, she’ll make lots of money.
2. If the economy doesn’t improve, lots of businesses will close / would close down.
3. This burglar alarm is so sensitive: it goes off if a mouse runs / will run across the floor.
4. George may go to prison unless he won’t pay / pays his taxes.
5. The company was / would be more successful if it spent more money on advertising.
6. If the employees of a company are/were happy, they work harder.
7. We might sell our business if it makes / would make another loss this year.
8. It looks like Molly’ll be okay, unless something new will happen / happens.
9. Unless Shelly had read him wrong, Jack would find /would have found her unorthodox approach irresistible.
10. Mat would not trust/ didn’t trust that unless he had to.

Упражнение 2 . Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующейся форме условного наклонения. Open the brackets to form conditionals. Mind mixed conditionals!

1. If Felix (to be) ___________ here I would have seen him.
2. Michael would not agree even if you (to ask) ____________ him.
3. If they (mention) __________ this yesterday, everything would have been done.
4. If I (to find) __________ that letter, I’ll show it to you.
5. If I meet him, I (to invite) __________ him.
6. Would they come if we (to invite) __________them?
7. The boss (be) __________ very disappointed if you aren’t at the meeting tomorrow.
8. The teacher said, “I’ll begin the lesson as soon as Jack _____________ (stop) talking.”
9. The old gentleman doesn’t go out in winter. He _____________ (go) out if the weather gets warmer.
10. She’s flying to Cairo tomorrow. She’ll send her family a telegram providing she _____________ (arrive) with a delay.
11. If the plane had left on time, they _____________ (be) in Minsk now.
12. If they hadn’t walked 40 km, they _____________ (not / be) exhausted now.
13. What would have become of us, if I _______ (come) to you then!"
14. He would have been scrupulous — if he (can) ________ !
15. What is the answer if you (add) _______ 17 to 75?

Упражнение 3. Образуйте условные предложения, употребив нужную форму глагола. Make conditional sentences.

1. Molly (be) _______ a splendid woman, if only she didn"t talk so much!
2. The evening will be fine, if only we ________ (not have) a storm.
3. You might be of interest to me, if only I (have) _________time to waste on you.
4. If you (leave) __________ at two, you will be there before dark.
5. When he isdrowning, a man (clutch) ________ at any straw.
6. If only Greg (can) _______ get some favourable shock, that"s what would do it!
7. You (can) _________ do it if you try
8. You (can) _________ do it if you tried.
9. You (can) _________ it if you had tried.
10. We (go) __________ if it does not rain.
11. Fred (come) _________ if he has time.
12. If you (take) _______ a taxi, you"ll be in time.
13. If Mark (have) ________enough money, he will go to the university.
14. They won"t unless you (ask) ______ them to come
15. What remains if you (subtract) ________ 5 from 10?
16. If you (buy) ________a packet of cigarettes costing 3$ and matches costing 2$, and gave the shopkeeper 10$ note, how much change ought you to receive?

Упражнение 4. Supply the correct verb forms in these conditional sentences. Decide, which type of conditionals are these sentences. Определите, к какому типу условных предложений относятся следующие предложения. Раскройте скобки.

1. If you (to heat) __________ iron, it (to start) ____________ to get red hot and then white hot.
2. If Molly and Paul (be not) ________ misinformed about the train times, they (not be) __________ late.
3. If Ioannis (stay) _______ longer at the party, he (have) ________ a good time
4. If the government (lose) __________ the next election, the Prime Minister (resign) ________ from politics.
5. If we (not go) ________ to your friend"s party, I never (meet) _________ Alan.
6. If train fares (be) _________ cheaper, more people (use) _________ them.
7. If Molly (get) _______ that job she"s applied for, she will be delighted.
8. It (be) ______ a disaster if it the explosion had happened in the middle of the day.
9. If the talks (be broken) __________ down again, there (be) ______ a war between the two countries
10. If Ali (know) _______ anything about mechanics at that time, I"m sure she (help) _____ us.
11. He (have) ________ a bad accident last Friday if he _____________ (not / drive) more carefully.

Упражнение 5. Переведите следующие условные предложения на английский.

1. Джаггер пригрозил уйти в отставку, если правительство потерпит поражение
2. Если бы в компании согласились, мы могли бы достичь быстрого прогресса.
3. Компания вернет деньги, если вы передумаете.
4. Выставка, возможно, закрылась бы, если бы они не нашли новых спонсоров.
5. Я бы отказался сотрудничать, если бы я был в вашем положении
6. Пожалуйста, сообщите врачу немедленно, если она покажет признаки улучшения.
7. Молли и Салли поняли бы свою ошибку, если бы только остались до конца.
8. Можете считать, что мы согласны, если не получите от нас новостей до воскресенья.
9. Если вы выпьете слишком много кофе, вы не сможете уснуть.
10. Если бы Джек привез карту, мы бы не заблудились.
11. Если бы Джон знал о встрече, то приехал бы
12. Если вы столкнетесь с Павлом, скажите ему, что я хочу его видеть.

Conditionals exercises. Английские условные упражнения: ответы.

1 opens, 2 will close, 3 runs, 4 pays, 5 would be, 6 are, 7 makes, 8 happens, 9 would find, 10 wouldn"t trust

1 had been, 2 asked, 3 had mentioned, 4 find, 5 will invite, 6 invited, 7 will be, 8 stops, 9 will go, 10 arrives, 11 would be, 12 wouldn’t be, 13 hadn’t come, 14 could, 15 add

1 would be, 2 don’t have, 3 had, 4 leave, 5 will clutch или clutches, 6 could, 7 can, 8 could, 9 could have done, 10 will go, 11 will come, 12 take, 13 has, 14 ask, 15 substract, 16 bought

1 heat / will start или starts, 2 hadn"t been / wouldn"t have been, 3 had stayed / would have had, 4 loses / will resign, 5 hadn"t gone / would have never met, 6 were / would use, 7 gets, 8 would have been, 9 are broken / will be, 10 had known / would have helped, 11 would have had / hadn’t been driving

1. Jagger has threatened to resign if the government is defeated.
2. If the companies agreed, we could make rapid progress.
3. The company will refund the money if you change your mind
4. The exhibition might have closed if they hadn"t found new sponsors.
5. I would refuse to co-operate if I were in your position
6. Please inform the doctor immediately if she shows signs of improvement.
7. Molly and sally would have realized their mistake if only they had stayed until the end.
8. You may assume we have agreed if you do not hear from us by Sunday
9. If you drink too much coffee, you won"t be able to sleep.
10. If Jack’d brought map, we wouldn"t have got lost.
11. If John had known about the meeting, he would have come
12. If you come across Paul, tell him I want to see him.

Назад Вперёд

Внимание! Предварительный просмотр слайдов используется исключительно в ознакомительных целях и может не давать представления о всех возможностях презентации. Если вас заинтересовала данная работа, пожалуйста, загрузите полную версию.

На пути изучения английского языка учащихся подстерегает много трудностей, и одним из сложных моментов считаются условные предложения.
Данная методическая разработка представляет собой справочный материал с упражнениями по теме «Условные предложения». Мы предлагаем теоретический материал, тщательно отобранный для учащихся школ, и практические задания по каждому типу условных предложений. Чтобы обучение было более эффективным, рекомендуем использовать интерактивный цифровой образовательный ресурс (презентация). Информация размещена таким образом, что учителю легко в ней ориентироваться. Презентация снабжена гиперссылками и интерактивными упражнениями, которые сделают обучение более продуктивным и интересным. Выполняя упражнения, учащиеся могут проверить правильность своих ответов. Правильный ответ появляется нажатием левой кнопкой мыши (по щелчку). Данная методическая разработка может использоваться на разных уровнях обучения, как отдельными блоками, так и полностью. Учитель сам может выбрать материал и упражнения для урока. Возможно использование данной разработки для подготовки к ЕГЭ, олимпиадам и другим различным конкурсам по английскому языку.

Условные предложения – это сложноподчиненные предложения, в которых в придаточном предложении называется условие, а в главном предложении – следствие, результат этого условия. И условие, и следствие могут относится к настоящему, прошедшему и будущему. Придаточные предложения условия чаще всего вводятся союзом if если . В отличие от русского языка, запятая в сложноподчиненном предложении ставится только в случае, если придаточное предложение находится перед главным, и то это правило не всегда соблюдается.
Обычно условные предложения делят на три типа в зависимости от того, насколько вероятно событие, о котором идет речь. Эти три типа – основные, а на самом деле их больше.

НУЛЕВОЙ ТИП (ZERO CONDITIONAL)

Речь в таких предложениях идет не об одной конкретной ситуации, а о чем-то, что верно всегда – такая «универсальная правда».
If we heat water it boils. – Если мы нагреем воду, она закипит.
В обеих частях предложения употребляется Present Simple.

If + Present Simple + Present Simple

If you heat ice, it melts.
В условных предложениях нулевого типа союз if может заменяться союзом when :
When I am late, my father takes me to school.
Когда я опаздываю, то отец отвозит меня в школу.
When he comes to town, we have dinner together.
Когда он приезжает в город, мы вместе ужинаем.

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ:

TRANSLATE THE SENTENCES:

1) If I am late for work, my chief is angry.
2) A person doesn"t eat meat if he/she is a vegetarian.
3) If I get up early, my father drives me to school.
4) Everything is wet if it rains.

TRANSLATE THE SENTENCES:

1) Еслиты хочешь хорошую работу, ты должен хорошо учиться.
2) Ты не должен много есть, если хочешь похудеть.
3) Если хранить кофе в морозильнике, то аромат сохраняется дольше.
4) Собака радуется, когда видит хозяина

I ТИП (THE FIRST TYPE OF CONDITIONALS)

Первый тип условных предложений называется реальным, т.к. выполнение условий в этих предложениях вполне осуществимо.
Несмотря на русский перевод, условная часть предложения выражается толькопри помощи Настоящего времени (обычно Present Simple ). А в основной части используется будущее время.

Схема предложения строится следующим образом:

CONDITIONAL CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
If + Present Simple + shall/will + Infinitive

If you finish your homework, we shall go to the cinema.
В русском переводе обе части предложения будут находиться в будущем времени.
Еслитызакончишь домашнюю работу, мы пойдем в кино.
Помимо if , употребляются такие слова и фразы, как: when , as soon as (как только), before , until .
When she reads the letter, she will become nervous.
As soon as you are ready, I"ll drive you home.
Также в условных предложениях используется союз unless (если только не/ разве только не), который можно заменить на if + not (отрицание). После союза unless глагол-сказуемое ставится в утвердительной форме, поскольку союз unless уже заключает в себе отрицание.
She will forget about it unless we remind her.
Она забудет про это, если только мы ей не напомним.
She will forget about it if we don"t remind her.
Придаточное предложение, которое обычно начинается со слова if , может стоять как в начале условного предложения (перед главным предложением), так и в конце. Если оно стоит в начале, то после него ставится запятая. Если же оно стоит в конце, то перед ним запятая не ставится.
If you leave now, you"ll catch the train.
You"ll catch the train if you leave now.

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ:
USE THE REQUIRED FORM:

1. If it______, we won"t go to the park.

a) will rain
b) rains
c) will not rain
d) doesn’t rain

2. You won"t pass the exam,______ you work hard.

a) if
b) when
c) unless
d) as soon as

3.When we_____ ready, I’ll call you.

a) shall be
b) are

4. You will pay back, as soon as you_____ a new job.

a) find
b) will find

5. I will see you when you______ in Moscow next time.

a) are
b) will be

6. What will you do, when you______ out the truth?

a) will find out
b) have find out
c) find out

COMPLETE THE SENTENCES, PUTTING THE VERBS INTO THE CORRECT FORM:

1. If you (to be) free, I (to come) to see you.
2. If I (to see) her, I (to be) glad.
3. If you (to be) busy, I (to leave) you alone.
4. If I (to live) in Moscow, I (to visit) the Tretyakov Gallery every year.
5. If she (to know) English, she (to try) to enter the university.
6. If mother (to buy) a cake, we (to have) a very nice tea part

TRANSLATE INTO ENGLISH:

1. Если ты закончишь домашнюю работу вовремя, мы пойдем в кино.
2. Матч отменят, если пойдет дождь.
3. Ты опоздаешь, если не поторопишься.
4. Я куплю машину, если мне повысят зарплату.
5. Если ты опоздаешь, позвони мне пожалуйста.
6. Если я увижу её, я передам ей от тебя привет.

II ТИП (THE SECOND TYPE OF CONDITIONALS)

Условные предложения второго типа в английском языкеописывают события настоящего и будущего времени. Ситуации, описанные в таких предложениях, нереальны (невозможны, невероятны, воображаемы). Такие предложения имеют невозможный, гипотетический оттенок. Обратите внимание, что на русский язык данные предложения переводятся в сослагательном наклонении, с частицей "бы".
If it rained, you would stay at home.
Если бы пошел дождь, ты бы остался дома.

Схема предложения строится следующим образом:

CONDITIONAL CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
If + Simple Past + would + Infinitive

ВАЖНО ЗАПОМНИТЬ:

1. Чтобы придать просьбе или предложению больший оттенок вежливости, используются условные предложения второго типа.
It would be nice if she helped me.
Будет хорошо, если она мне поможет. (Более вежливая просьба – условное предложение второго типа.)
2. Глагол to be в прошедшем времени всегда будет were и никогда - was !
If he were here, he would help us.
Если бы он был здесь, он бы помог нам.
If I were you, I would drive more carefully in the rain. – Если бы я был на твоем месте, я бы вел машину аккуратнее во время дождя (но я не на твоем месте).

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ:

If he arrived, I would tell her the story.
If I saw her, I would go on vacation.
If I finished the work this week, I would plant the vegetables.
If it rained next week, he would hear the news.

CHOOSE THE CORRECT FORM:

1.If you spoke a foreign language, you_____ a better job.
a)could get b) can get c) have got
2. If I _____ the time, I would go to the beach this weekend.
a) have had b) had c) was
3.If I had a lot of money, I _______ round the world.
a)would travel b) did travel c) can travel
4. If I ______ you, I would drive more carefully in the rain.
a) was b) have been c) were

TRANSLATE THE SENTENCES:

1.Если бы он закончил свой проект, он бы принял участие в конференции.
2.На вашем месте я бы посетил пожилую даму.
3.Что бы ты сделал, если бы ты выиграл приз?
4.Я бы согласилась, если бы меня пригласили путешествовать по миру.

III ТИП (THE THIRD TYPE OF CONDITIONALS)

Условные предложения III типа выражают нереальные условия, так как речь в них идет
о событиях, которые уже произошли или не произошли в прошлом. Употребляется эта модель тогда, когда нужно сообщить об упущенной возможности. На русский язык
переводятся сослагательным наклонением (формой прошедшего времени с частицей бы ).
If I had been free yesterday, I would have joined you.
Если бы я был свободен вчера, я бы присоединился к вам.

Схема предложения строится следующим образом:

CONDITIONAL CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
If + Past Perfect + would
сould + have + Participle II
should
might

ВАЖНО ЗАПОМНИТЬ:

1. Как и в других условных предложениях, условная часть может идти перед основной и наоборот.
If they had finished work on time they would have already gone for a walk.
Если бы они закончили работу вовремя, то уже ушли бы на прогулку.
2. Условная часть предложения может содержать инверсию для выражения эмоциональности.
Had I known about it beforehand I wouldn"t have made such a terrible mistake!
Знал бы я об этом заранее, то не совершил бы такой ужасной ошибки!
3. Общие и специальные вопросы образуются аналитическим способом, то есть путем перестановки членов предложения.
Would we have arrived on time if we hadn"t missed the train?
Where would you have lived if you had found your relatives?

COULD и MIGHT в условных предложениях:

Модальные глаголы COULD и MIGHT часто употребляются в главном предложении условных предложений, а COULD иногда употребляется в придаточном предложении с нереальным условием. Отметьте, что MAY обычно не употребляется в условных предложениях с нереальным условием
If we had left before five, we could have caught the six o"clock train. (We didn"t leave before five, and we didn"t catch the six o"clock train.)
Если бы мы выехали до пяти, мы могли бы успеть на шестичасовой поезд. (Мы не выехали до пяти, и мы не успели на шестичасовой поезд.)
If he hadn"t met Maria, he might have remained a bachelor.
Если бы он не встретил Марию, он мог бы остаться холостяком.

BUT FOR и IF NOT FOR

Иногда придаточное нереального условия заменятся конструкцией BUT FOR (или IF NOT FOR) + существительное или местоимение. Такие конструкции могут употребляться в ситуациях, относящихся к прошлому или настоящему.
But for the children, they would have divorced years ago. – If it hadn"t been for the children, they would have divorced years ago.
Если бы не дети, они бы давно развелись. – Если бы не дети, они бы давно развелись.
If not for her, he would never have become such a good doctor. – If it hadn"t been for her, he would never have become such a good doctor. – Если бы не она, он никогда не стал бы таким хорошим врачом. – Если бы не она, он никогда не стал бы таким хорошим врачом.

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ:
MATCH THE PARTS OF THE SENTENCES:

If I had learned English before, I would have joined you.
If Jim had driven the car yesterday, you would have passed the exam well.
If you had studied properly, I could have found a good job long ago.
If I had been free yesterday, he might have met with an accident.

CHOOSE THE CORRECT FORM:

1. I wouldn"t have come to the party yesterday if I ________ invited there.
a) was b) hadn’t been с) wasn’t
2. Would they _________us if we had lost all our luggage?
a) had helped b) help c) have helped
3. If she hadn’t put on a short dress she wouldn’t _______ such attention.
a) attract b) have attracted c) attracted
4. If you ________me up, I should have told you something.
a) rang b) have rung c) had rung

TRANSLATE THE SENTENCES:

1.Если бы ты не забыл на работе ключ, ты бы открыл дверь.
2.Он бы не женился на ней, если бы она не готовила так замечательно.
3.Ты бы понял материал вчерашнего урока гораздо лучше, если бы читал медленнее.
4.Конференция бы провалилась, если бы Петерсон не сделал такой замечательный доклад.
5.Я бы, возможно, ответил Вам раньше, если бы я владел точной информацией по этому вопросу.
6.Мы бы не поехали на этот курорт, если бы дети не попросили.

СМЕШАННЫЙ ТИП (MIXED CONDITIOALS)

Могут быть случаи, в которых одна часть предложения относится к настоящему или будущему, а другая часть относится к прошлому. Такие конструкции называют смешанным типомусловныхпредложений. Предложения смешанного типа как бы "склеены" из условных предложений второго и третьего типов.
If you were more attentive, you would have passed the exam yesterday.
Если бы ты был более внимательным, то сдал бы вчера этот экзамен.

Схема предложения строится следующим образом:

CONDITIONAL CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
If + Past Simple (II тип) + would+have+Participle II (III тип)
If + Past Perfect (III тип) + would+инфинитив (II тип)

If you were more attentive, you would have passed the exam yesterday.
If you had taken the medicine, you would feel much better now.

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ:
MATCH THE PARTS OF THE SENTENCES:

If I had accepted that job, I would be a millionaire now.
If I had married him, I would have invited them to lunch.
If I were a good cook, I would live happy now.
If I didn"t love him, I wouldn"t have married him.

CHOOSE THE CORRECT FORM:

1. If you were always near I _________ in the forest.
a) wouldn’t get lost b) didn’t get lost с) wouldn’t have got lost
2. You would get a better mark today if you _______over the material yesterday.
a) had looked b) have looked с) looked
3. If you hadn"t wasted your time on computer games you ________the final exam.
a) wouldn’t have failed b) wouldn’t fail c) have failed
4. If I knew her well I ___________ her invitation.
a) have accepted b) had accepted c) would have accepted

TRANSLATE THE SENTENCES:

1.Если бы я не любила его, я бы не вышла за него замуж.
2. Если бы меня пригласили, я бы пришел.
3. Если бы я хорошо готовил, я бы пригласил их на обед.
4. Если бы я знал английский, я бы нашел лучшую работу.
5. Если бы ты был более внимательным, то сдал бы вчера этот экзамен.

ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ С «I WISH»

Предложения с “I wish”спользуются для выражения сожаления, разочарования, грусти, когда что-то столь желаемое не получается или не получилось ранее. Они имеют много общего с условными предложениями. Для этого в них присутствует слово wish (жалко, что не).
I wish I knew what to do about the problem. – Жаль, что я не знаю, что делать с этой проблемой (и я сожалею).
В английском языке предложения с “I wish” могут быть трех типов:
Речь идёт о настоящем времени. Такая фраза – выражение сожаления о настоящем.
Речь идёт о прошедшем времени. Такая фраза – выражение сожаления о прошлом.
мы желаем, чтобы что-то произошло в будущем, сожалеем настоящем.

Схема предложения строится следующим образом:

wish + Past Simple / Past Continuous
wish + Past Perfect
wish + Would + Infinitive
I wish I knew the answer.
I wish you hadn’t been so rude to my parents yesterday.
I wish you wouldstopplaying computer games and spend some time with me!

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ:
TRANSLATE THE SENTENCES:

1. I wish I knew the answer.
2. I wish I didn’t have to work tomorrow.
3. I wish you hadn’t been so rude to my parents yesterday.
4. I wish you had told me about your plans in advance.
5. I wish we would go with you!
6. I wish you would stop playing computer games and spend some time with me!

TRANSLATE THE SENTENCES:

1. Жаль, что я не знаю, что делать с этой проблемой (и я сожалею).
2. Жаль, что ты должен идти.
3. Жаль, что я это сказал.
4. Жаль, что я не учился усердно в школе.
5. Жаль, что я не говорю по-итальянски.
6. Жаль, что я не взял фотоаппарат.

Упражнение 1

Раскрывая скобки, напишите каждое предложение три раза, образуя условные предложения 1, 2 и 3 типов.

· E.g. If you (to be) free, I (to come) to see you.:

If you are free, I will come to see you.

If you were free, I would come to see you.

If you had been free, I would have come to see you.

If I (to see) her, I (to be) glad.

If I see her, I will be glad.

If I saw her, I would be glad.

If I had seen her, I would have been glad.

1. If my friend (to come) to see me, I (to be) very glad. 2. If mother (to buy) a cake, we (to have) a very nice tea party. 3. If we (to receive) a telegram from him, we (not to worry) . 4. If you (not to work) systematically, you (to fail) the examinations. 5. If you (to be) busy, I (to leave) you alone. 6. If I (to live) in Moscow, I (to visit) the Tretyakov Gallery every year. 7. If I (to get) a ticket, I (to go) to the Philharmonic. 8. If I (to live) near a wood, I (to gather) a lot of mushrooms. 9. If my father (to return) early, we (to watch) TV together. 10. If she (to know) English, she (to try) to enter the university.

Упражнение 2

П ерепишите каждое из следующих предложений дважды, образуя предложения нереального условия:

а) относящиеся к настоящему или будущему,

b ) относящиеся к прошедшему.

1. If I am not too busy, I shall go to the concert. 2. They will all be surprised if I make such a mistake. 3. If he doesn"t come in time, shall we have to wait for him? 4. If no one comes to help, we shall be obliged to do the work ourselves. 5. If you put on your glasses, you will see better. 6. What shall we do if they are late? 7. Will you be very angry if we don"t come? 8. Will he be very displeased if I don"t ring him up?

Упражнение 3

Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, так, чтобы предложения выражалт рельное условие.

1. If I (to see) John, I (to tell) him your news. 2. He (to be) very pleased if it (to be) really true. 3. If you (to go) to town on Monday, you (to meet) my brother Tom. 4. If you (to need) help, my father (to help) you. 5. We (to have) a picnic lunch if the day (to be) fine. 6. If you (to ask) a policeman, he (to tell) you the way. 7. I (to finish) the job tomorrow if I (to can). 8. I (not / to require) an umbrella if it(not / to rain). 9. If she (to think) it over carefully, she (to form) a clear opinion. 10. If they (to catch) the bus now, they (to arrive) at half past nine. 11. He (to find) the answers if he (to look) at the back of the book. 12. If you (to want) me to, I (to come) for a walk with you. 13. If he (to write) to her, she (to answer) at once. 14. If you (to wait) a few moments, the waiter (to bring) your coffee. 15. He (to lose) weight if he (to stop) eating too much. 16. If she (to be) patient, I (to try) to explain. 17. I (to wear) a purle tie only if I (to must). 18. If we (to leave) at once, we (to catch) the early train. 19. If he (to do) that again, his father (to punish) him. 20. If she (drink) this medicine, she (to feel) much better.

Упражнение 4

Раскройте скобки таким образом, чтобы предложения выражали: а) реальное условие, b) нереальное условие настоящего времени.

1. If I (to know), I (to tell) you. 2. If she (to want) to talk she (to ring up). 3. Her health (to improve) if she (to sleep) longer. 4. If he (to have) enough money, he (to buy) a large house. 5. She (to feel) lonely if Peter (to go) out every evening. 6. We (to be) pleased to see you if you (to arrive). 7. If we (to can) come on Sunday, we (to come). 8. I (to understand) Mr. Smith if he (to speak) slowly. 9. We (not / to go) by ship unless there (to be) no other way. 10 If you (not / to give) him good meals, he (not / to be able) to work hard.

Упражнение 5

Замените предложения нереального условия в настоящем времени на предложения нереального условия в прошедшем времени.

1. If she tired, she could be better. 2. He would do more work if he were able. 3. I should live better if I earned more money. 4. If I knew the answer, I should tell you. 5. He wouldn"t come unless you invited him. 6. We shouldn"t remember it if it weren"t so strange. 7. If I had time, I would help you. 8. Peter would come if you wanted him to. 10. If you wrote more often, you would receive more letters. 11. They would prefer to keep it if they could. 12. I would buy it by myself if I had money. 13. If they offered it to me for nothing, I wouldn"t take it. 14. I should break a promise if I answered your question. 15. If you swore to keep a secret, I would tell you.

Упражнение 6

Составьте предложения, найдя соответствия между левой и правой колонками.

Упражнение 7

Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужное время.

John Smith is in prison. How did it happen? If John (not / to oversleep), he (not / to be) late for work. If he (not / to be) late for work, his boss (not / to fire) him. If John (not / to lose) his job, he (not / to need) money and he (not / to rob) the bank. If he (not / to rob) the bank, the police (not / to arrest) him.

Упражнение 8

Составьте условные предложения, используя материал левой и правой колонокб которые отражали бы Ваше отношение к ситуации.

e.g. Daniel had fallen ill. put on coat / catch cold

Daniel wouldn"t have caught cold if he had put on coat.

Упражнение 18

1. He is busy and does not come to see us. If ... . 2. The girl didn"t study well last year and received bad marks. If ... . 3. He broke his bicycle and so he didn"t go to the country. If ... . 4. He speaks English badly: he has no practice. If ... . 5. I had a bad headache yesterday, that"s why I didn"t come to see you. If ... . 6. The ship was sailing near the coast, that"s why it struck a rock. If ... . 7. He was not in town, therefore he was not present at our meeting. If ... . 8. The pavement was so slippery that I fell and hurt my leg. If ... . 9. The sea is rough, and we cannot sail to the island. If ... . 10. They made a fire, and the frightened wolves ran away. If ... . 11. It is late, and I have to go home. If ... . 12. I was expecting my friend to come, that"s why I couldn"t go to the cinema with you. If ... . 13. He always gets top marks in mathematics because it is his favourite subject and he works a lot at it. If ... . 14. I didn"t translate the article yesterday because I had no dictionary. If ... . 15. We lost our way because the night was pitch-dark. If ... . 16. The box was so heavy that I couldn"t carry it. That"s why I took a taxi. If ... .

Упражнение 19

Образуйте условные предложения.

1. The travellers had no camera with them, so they could not take photos of the beautiful scenery. If ... . 2. There was no sugar left, so we had to go to the shop late in the evening. If ... . 3. This house is very nice and comfortable, but it is not very good for living because it is situated close to a chemical plant and the air around is very bad. If ... . 4. He is an excellent specialist, but I can"t ask his advice because I"m not acquainted with him. If ... . 5. You cannot enjoy this merry evening party because you have a toothache. If ... 6. You know the material well enough, but you are very absent-minded, and that"s why you always make many mistakes. If ... . 7. You did not ring me up, so I did not know you were in trouble. If .. . 8. You left the child alone in the room, so he hurt himself. If ... . 9. They spent a year in the tropics, so they got very sun-tanned. If ... . 10. It rained heavily, so we got drenched to the skin. If ... . 11. Why didn"t you watch the cat? It ate all the fish. If ... . 12. A huge black cloud appeared from behind the forest, so we had to turn back and hurry home. If ... . 13. We shall not go to see them because it is very late. If ... . 14. Naturally she was angry, because you were in her way. If ... .

Придаточные условия Придаточные условия. Тесты Тест 1, "m.c." Тест 2, "m.c." Тест 3, "m.c." Тест 4, "m.c." Тест 5, "m.c." Тест 6, "m.c." Тест 1, "gaps" Тест 2, "gaps" Тест 3, "gaps" Тест 4, "gaps" Тест 5, "gaps" Наклонение. Сослагательное наклонение Сослагательное наклонение в придаточных